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Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in inflammatory diseases
Author(s) -
Chapple I. L. C.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1997.tb00760.x
Subject(s) - reactive oxygen species , periodontitis , inflammation , antioxidant , immunology , tumor necrosis factor alpha , oxidative stress , cytokine , glutathione , transcription factor , chemistry , medicine , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , dentistry , enzyme , gene
This paper aims to review the role of free radical‐induced tissue damage and antioxidant defence mechanisms in inflammatory diseases that involve pathogenic processes similar to the periodontal diseases. There is a clearly defined and substantial role for free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) in periodontitis. but little research has been performed in this area. This paper reviews the considerable data available relating ROS activity and antioxidant deference to inflammatory diseases and attempts to draw parallels with periodontitis. in an effort to stimulate more periodontal research in this important area. The recent discovery of the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) is reviewed and several potential pathways for cytokine‐induced periodontal tissue damage, mediated by NF‐κB, are discussed. Emphasis is placed on cytokines that have been studied in periodontitis. principally TNF‐α IL‐I, IL‐6. IL‐8 and β‐interferon. The link between cellular production of such important mediators of inflammation and the antioxidant (AO) thiols. cysteine and reduced glutathione (GSH), is discussed and it is hypothesised that NF‐κB antagonists may offer important therapeutic benefits.