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Clinical, microbiological and immunological characteristics of subjects with “refractory” periodontal disease
Author(s) -
Magnusson I.,
Marks R. G.,
Clark W. B.,
Walker C. B.,
Low S. B.,
McArthur W. P.
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1991.tb00431.x
Subject(s) - eikenella corrodens , actinobacillus , medicine , dentistry , clinical attachment loss , bacteroides , oral hygiene , saliva , bleeding on probing , gingival and periodontal pocket , periodontal disease , periodontitis , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , bacteria , genetics
The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between attachment loss and clinical, microbiological, and immunological parameters in a group of 21 human subjects exhibiting poor response to previous periodontal therapy. All had been treated with periodontal surgery, tetracycline, and subsequent maintenance recalls to periodontists who, upon detection of disease progression, referred the subjects to our clinic. In our clinic, each subject received oral hygiene instruction and a thorough subgingival scaling and root planing utilizing as many appointments as necessary. Clinical indices, including gingival index, bleeding on probing, suppuration, plaque index, pocket depth, and duplicate measurements of attachment level from an acrylic stent, were collected at monthly intervals. Probing measurements were performed using the Florida Probe®. When significant attachment loss (0.8–1.2 mm) was detected in at least 1 site, a bacterial sample was taken from that site and from a comparably deep, but non‐progressing, control site. Microbial samples were enumerated by darkfield microscopy, on selective and non‐selective media, and by predominant cultivable technique. Blood samples were also collected to determine antibody levels against potential pathogens. There was no difference in the amount of plaque present in sites gaining or losing attachment, but losing sites exhibited more bleeding and suppuration. 20 of the 21 subjects were tested; of these, 17 exhibited elevated serum antibody against one or more of the following microorganisms: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Bacteroides, gingivalis , and Eikenella corrodens. However, few, if any, of the “classical” pathogens were detected in the plaque samples obtained at the time progressive disease was diagnosed. The only exception was Streptococcus intermedius , which occurred in slightly higher numbers in active sites.