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Periodontal condition and microbiology of healthy and diseased periodontal pockets in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients
Author(s) -
Sastrowijoto S. H.,
Hillemans P.,
Steenbergen T. J. M.,
AbrahamInpijn L.,
Graaff J.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1989.tb01662.x
Subject(s) - actinobacillus , gingival and periodontal pocket , capnocytophaga , bacteroides , medicine , periodontium , diabetes mellitus , gastroenterology , metabolic control analysis , dentistry , periodontitis , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , endocrinology , bacteria , genetics
On the basis of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA IC )values, 22 type I (insulin‐dependent) diabetic adults were grouped into patients with near normal (HbAt 1c ≤7.7%) and Poor (HbA tc ≥9.9%) metabolic control. A total of 44 subgingival sites were examined for Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans , black‐pigmented Bacteroides species and Capnocytophaga species. No significant difference could be demonstrated between patients in the 2 test groups with regard to periodontal condition. Neither age of diabetic patients nor duration of diabetes mellitus influenced the periodontal parameters. In both test groups, pocket depth of 4 mm or more (≥4 mm) was found to be significantly associated with increased swelling, bleeding after probing and amount of marginal plaque. Proportionally high %s of cultivable A. actinomycetemcomitans (mean 4.3%; range 2.8–5.8%), Bacteroides gingival (33.2% and 34.6%) and Bacteroides intermedius (mean 4.2%; range 0.001–13.5%) were isolated from diseased periodontal pockets. In diabetic patients with poor metabolic control, B. intermedius was isolated from diseased periodontal pockets with a mean % of 7.2%, range 0.3–12.5%. Independent of the degree of metabolic control, low %s of Capnocytophaga species were isolated from diseased and healthy periodontal pockets, mean 0.9% (range 0.003–3.9%) and mean 1.4% (range 0.04–4.9%), respectively. It was concluded from this study that metabolic control seems to have no direct effect on the periodontium. Furthermore, the role of Capnocytophaga species in the pathogenesis of infectious periodontal disease in type I diabetic patients seems to be overestimated. However, A. actinomycetemcomitans and blackpigmented Bacteroides species may be important pathogens in periodontal disease in type I diabetic patients, as they are known to be in non–diabetic periodontal patients.