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Impact of dietary vitamin D on osseointegration in the ovariectomized rat
Author(s) -
Dvorak Gabriella,
Fügl Alexander,
Watzek Georg,
Tangl Stefan,
Pokorny Petra,
Gruber Reinhard
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02346.x
Subject(s) - ovariectomized rat , osseointegration , endocrinology , vitamin , vitamin d and neurology , medicine , implant , surgery , hormone
Aim Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in the population and associated with impaired peri‐implant bone regeneration. Yet, there is a gap in understanding the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the process of osseointegration. In this study, the effect of vitamin D supplementation on peri‐implant bone regeneration was investigated. Methods Fifty ovariectomized Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups. The depletion group was fed a vitamin D‐free diet for 8 weeks. The repletion group received vitamin D‐free diet for 6 weeks, before animals were switched to standard diet containing 2400 IU/kg vitamin D. The control group was fed the standard diet. Two titanium mini‐implants were placed in the tibia. All groups remained on their previous diet until sacrifice. Blood sample testing and histomorphometric analysis were performed. Results Vitamin D depletion caused a significant reduction in 25‐hydroxvitamin D in rat serum that returned to control levels in the repletion group. This vitamin deficiency was associated with a decrease in bone‐to‐implant contact in the cortical area, which was leveled to controls in the repletion group. No significant changes by vitamin D depletion were noticed in the medullar compartment. Moreover, also the peri‐implant bone area and the mineral apposition rate remained unchanged upon vitamin D depletion. Conclusion These results indicate that vitamin D deficiency has a negative impact on cortical peri‐implant bone formation in ovariectomized rats, which can be compensated by vitamin D supplementation. This study provides first insight into the potential beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation in implant dentistry.