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In vivo investigation on connective tissue healing to polished surfaces with different surface wettability
Author(s) -
Kloss Frank R.,
SteinmüllerNethl Doris,
Stigler Robert G.,
Ennemoser Thomas,
Rasse Michael,
Hächl Oliver
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02038.x
Subject(s) - connective tissue , fibronectin , in vivo , materials science , proliferating cell nuclear antigen , titanium , wound healing , staining , pathology , biomedical engineering , chemistry , immunohistochemistry , medicine , extracellular matrix , biology , surgery , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , metallurgy
Abstract Objectives: Connective tissue in contact to transgingival/‐dermal implants presents itself as tight scar formation. Although rough surfaces support the attachment they increase bacterial colonisation as well. In contrast to surface roughness, little is known about the influence of surface wettability on soft‐tissue healing in vivo . We therefore investigated the influence of different surface wettabilities on connective tissue healing at polished implant surfaces in vivo . Material and methods: Three polished experimental groups (titanium, titanium coated with hydrophobic nano‐crystalline diamond (H‐NCD) and titanium coated with hydrophilic nano‐crystalline diamond (O‐NCD) were inserted into the subcutaneous connective tissue of the abdominal wall of 24 rats. Animals were sacrificed after 1 and 4 weeks resulting in eight specimen per group per time point. Specimen were subjected to histological evaluation (van Giesson's staining) and immunohistochemistry staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), fibronectin and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). Results: Histological evaluation revealed dense scar formation at the titanium and H‐NCD surfaces. In contrast, the connective tissue was loose at the O‐NCD surface with a significantly higher number of cells after 4 weeks. O‐NCD demonstrated a strong expression of PCNA and fibronectin but a weak expression of TNF‐α. In contrast, the PCNA and fibronectin expression was low at the titanium and H‐NCD, with a strong signal of TNF‐α at the H‐NCD surface. Conclusions: Hydrophilicity influences the connective tissue healing at polished implant surfaces in vivo positively. The attachment of connective tissue and the number of cells in contact to the surface were increased. Moreover, the inflammatory response is decreased at the hydrophilic surface. To cite this article:
Kloss FR, Steinmüller‐Nethl D, Stigler RG, Ennemoser T, Rasse M, Hächl O. In vivo investigation on connective tissue healing to polished surfaces with different surface wettability.
Clin. Oral Impl. Res . 22 , 2011; 699–705
doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02038.x