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Guided bone regeneration using rhGDF‐5‐ and rhBMP‐2‐coated natural bone mineral in rat calvarial defects
Author(s) -
Schwarz Frank,
Ferrari Daniel,
Sager Martin,
Herten Monika,
Hartig Brigitte,
Becker Jürgen
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01796.x
Subject(s) - osteocalcin , bone morphogenetic protein , bone morphogenetic protein 2 , angiogenesis , bone mineral , chemistry , human bone , immunohistochemistry , growth differentiation factor , medicine , alkaline phosphatase , in vitro , biochemistry , enzyme , osteoporosis , gene
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of either recombinant human growth and differentiation factor 5 (rhGDF‐5)‐ or recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP‐2)‐coated natural bone mineral (NBM) on guided bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model. Material and methods: Two monocortical critical‐size calvarial defects (diameter 6 mm, depth 1.5 mm) were prepared in a total of 90 rats each ( n =180 defects) and randomly allocated to the following groups: (1) NBM+collagen membrane (BG), (2) rhBMP‐2+NBM+BG, (3) rhGDF‐5+NBM+BG, (4) autogenous bone (AB)+BG, or (5) untreated control (C). At 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks, dissected blocks were processed for histological [e.g. area (mm 2 ) of mineralized tissue (MT)] and immunohistochemical (osteocalcin – OC, angiogenesis – TG) analysis. Results: At 2 weeks, both coated NBM groups exhibited the formation of a thin hard tissue bridge underneath the BG. All test groups revealed significantly higher mean MT values than the C group at 24 weeks. rhBMP‐2+NBM+BG‐treated defects revealed significantly higher mean MT values in comparison with the AB+BG (8 and 24 weeks), NBM+BG (2 and 4 weeks), and rhGDF‐5+NBM+BG (2, 16, and 24 weeks) groups, respectively. Immunoreactions to either OC or TG were comparable in all test groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that (i) all treatment procedures investigated supported bone regeneration at 24 weeks and (ii) rhBMP‐2 might have the potential to improve the outcome of healing, particularly during the early stages of healing.