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Differential cytokine expressions affect the severity of peri‐implant disease
Author(s) -
Duarte Poliana Mendes,
De Mendonça Adriana Cutrim,
Máximo Maria Beatriz Braz,
Santos Vanessa Renata,
Bastos Marta Ferreira,
Nociti Júnior Francisco Humberto
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01680.x
Subject(s) - rankl , osteoprotegerin , peri implantitis , peri , implant , cytokine , tumor necrosis factor alpha , receptor , medicine , interleukin , endocrinology , chemistry , activator (genetics) , surgery
Objective: This study assessed gene expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction of inflammatory‐ [interleukin (IL)‐12, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), IL‐4, and IL‐10] and osteoclastogenesis‐related factors [receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG)] in sites exhibiting different severities of peri‐implant disease. Material and methods: Peri‐implant soft tissue biopsies ( n =48) were harvested from healthy implant (HI), mucositis (MC), initial peri‐implantitis (IP) and severe peri‐implantitis (SP) sites. Results: IL‐12 and TNF‐α mRNA levels were higher in SP, followed by IP and MC ( P <0.05). IL‐4 was higher in HI, followed by MC, SP and IP ( P <0.05). IL‐10 was the lowest in HI, while no differences were detected among the diseased groups ( P >0.05). OPG mRNA levels were higher in HI, followed by IP, SP and MC, whereas RANKL was increased as the peri‐implantitis severity increased ( P <0.05). The highest OPG/RANKL ratio was observed in HI and the lowest in SP ( P <0.01). Conclusion: These findings suggest that expressions of inflammatory‐ and osteoclastogenesis‐related factors may play an important role in the onset and severity of the peri‐implant diseases.