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Evaluation of a new biodegradable membrane to prevent gingival ingrowth into mandibular bone defects in minipigs
Author(s) -
Thoma Daniel S.,
Halg GianAndrea,
Dard Michel M.,
Seibl Reinhart,
Hammerle Christoph H. F.,
Jung Ronald E.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01604.x
Subject(s) - soft tissue , peg ratio , polyethylene glycol , dentistry , membrane , dental alveolus , medicine , sponge , chemistry , surgery , biology , biochemistry , botany , organic chemistry , finance , economics
Objective: The aim of this study was to test whether a synthetic, biodegradable membrane made of polyethylene glycol (PEG) can prevent soft‐tissue ingrowth into alveolar defects. Material and methods: In each of 16 minipigs, three mandibular premolars were bilaterally extracted. Three months later, acute standardized defects (diameter 8 mm, depth 8 mm) were prepared. Four treatment modalities were randomly allocated to the defects: (1) PEG membrane plus collagen sponge, (2) polylactide (PLA) membrane plus collagen sponge, (3) collagen sponge alone, and (4) empty defect. Animals were sacrificed at 10 days ( n =5), 21 days ( n =5), or 2 months ( n =6) after treatment. Qualitative and quantitative histological evaluations of soft‐tissue ingrowth and bone regeneration were performed on nondecalcified ground sections. For statistical analysis, the Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test, the Kruskal–Wallis, and the paired t ‐test were applied. P ‐values were adjusted using the Dunnett–Hsu adjustment. Results: At 10 days, the PEG membrane group showed the least soft‐tissue ingrowth (mean value −0.75 mm; range −1.35 to −0.10), followed by the PLA membrane group −0.18 mm (−0.80 to 0.44), the collagen group 0.04 mm (−0.65 to 0.73), and the empty defects 0.60 mm (−0.08 to 1.29). Statistically significant differences were observed between the PEG membrane group and the empty defects ( P <0.05). At 21 days, the highest percentage of newly formed bone was found in the PEG membrane group (mean 28.4%; range 21.6–35.2) compared with 23.7% (16.9–30.5; PLA membrane), 15.2% (8.2–22.2; collagen group), and 21.6% (14.5–28.8; empty defects). Statistically significant differences were only found between the PEG membrane group and the collagen group ( P <0.05). At 2 months, the tested parameters revealed no statistically significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: The experimental PEG membrane applied in the present study successfully prevented collapse of the covering soft tissues to a degree similar to the PLA membrane. The combination of a collagen sponge and the PEG membrane showed the least soft‐tissue ingrowth at 10 days and promoted more bone formation at 21 days.