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Porcine sinus mucosa holds cells that respond to bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐6 and BMP‐7 with increased osteogenic differentiation in vitro
Author(s) -
Gruber Reinhard,
Kandler Barbara,
Fuerst Gabor,
Fischer Michael B.,
Watzek Georg
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
clinical oral implants research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.407
H-Index - 161
eISSN - 1600-0501
pISSN - 0905-7161
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2004.01062.x
Subject(s) - alkaline phosphatase , osteocalcin , bone morphogenetic protein 2 , extracellular matrix , mesenchymal stem cell , progenitor cell , microbiology and biotechnology , bone morphogenetic protein , osteoblast , chemistry , bone morphogenetic protein 4 , biology , in vitro , stem cell , biochemistry , enzyme , gene
The aim of this in vitro study was to determine whether the sinus mucosa holds cells with an osteogenic potential. Frozen sections of sinus mucosa from three adult pigs were investigated for the expression of STRO‐1, a marker of mesenchymal progenitor cells, and alkaline phosphatase activity, an enzyme expressed by cells committed to the osteogenic lineage and by mature osteoblasts. To determine their osteogenic potential, mucosa‐derived cells were incubated with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)‐6 and BMP‐7, and alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin expression, and mineralization of the extracellular matrix was measured. We found sinus mucosa cells staining positive for STRO‐1 and alkaline phosphatase activity. When sinus mucosa tissue was placed in culture, alkaline phosphatase positive cells grew out from the explants and further increased alkaline phosphatase activity in response to BMP‐6 and BMP‐7. The expression level of the osteoblast‐specific extracellular matrix protein osteocalcin, and the amount of calcium accumulation within the extracellular matrix was also increased in response to BMPs. We conclude that the sinus mucosa holds mesenchymal progenitor cells and cells committed to the osteogenic lineage that can respond to BMP‐6 and BMP‐7 by an increase of their osteogenic differentiation.