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The regulation of rhinovirus infection in vitro by IL‐8, HuIFN‐α, and TNF‐α
Author(s) -
BERG KURT,
ANDERSEN HENNING,
OWEN TERENCE C.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
apmis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.909
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1600-0463
pISSN - 0903-4641
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2004.apm1120303.x
Subject(s) - rhinovirus , alpha (finance) , in vitro , immune system , tumor necrosis factor alpha , in vivo , alpha interferon , immunology , virus , interferon , virology , biology , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , construct validity , nursing , patient satisfaction
The influence of three important cytokines (IL‐8, TNF‐α, and HuIFN‐α) on ongoing rhinovirus infections has been examined in vitro, individually or as combinations. TNF‐α was able to transform traces of HRV infections into full‐blown infections. Furthermore, TNF‐α was able to down‐regulate the antiviral action of HuIFN‐α completely, even at levels of just a few pg/ml. This suggests that the induction of TNF‐α by HRV may be part of the virus's strategy to minimize the interferon response which is part of the host's immune defence system. However, troxerutin (a flavonoid) was able to neutralize the downregulatory action of TNF‐α on the HuIFN‐α system at low levels and re‐establish the antiviral activity ascribed to IFN‐α. IL‐8 exerted a minor influence on the interferon system, and had no influence on rhinovirus infections. The in vitro findings are supported, in part, by recent in vivo findings in a common cold pilot study.