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The association between traumatic experience, paranoia and hallucinations: a test of the predictions of psychological models
Author(s) -
Gracie A.,
Freeman D.,
Green S.,
Garety P. A.,
Kuipers E.,
Hardy A.,
Ray K.,
Dunn G.,
Bebbington P.,
Fowler D.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
acta psychiatrica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.849
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1600-0447
pISSN - 0001-690X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01011.x
Subject(s) - paranoia , psychosis , psychology , association (psychology) , genetic predisposition , clinical psychology , psychiatry , paranoid disorders , medicine , psychotherapist , disease
Objective: The current study investigated the relationship between trauma and predisposition to hallucinations and to paranoia in a non‐clinical sample. Method: A total of 228 students completed online measures of trauma, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schematic beliefs, perceptual anomalies, and predisposition to hallucinations and paranoia. Results: Associations were found between negative schematic beliefs, PTSD and predisposition to both paranoia and hallucinations. PTSD reexperiencing‐symptoms were most strongly associated with a predisposition to hallucinations. Negative beliefs about self and others were most strongly associated with a predisposition to paranoia. Conclusion: The results provide support for the prediction that there may be two routes between trauma and predisposition to psychosis. Clear support was found for a link between trauma and psychosis mediated by negative beliefs about self and others. There may also be a direct association between re‐experiencing symptoms and hallucinations.