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Patterns of treatment resistance in bipolar affective disorder
Author(s) -
Cole A. J.,
Scott J.,
Ferrier I. N.,
Eccleston D.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
acta psychiatrica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.849
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1600-0447
pISSN - 0001-690X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03424.x
Subject(s) - bipolar disorder , resistance (ecology) , psychology , psychiatry , clinical psychology , cognition , ecology , biology
The mean index episode length in 19 consecutive admissions with treatment‐resistant bipolar affective disorder was 21.7 months. Four patterns of resistance were identified: rapid cycling (37%), other forms of cycling (32%), chronic depression (26%) and mixed states (6%). Female gender was significantly associated with rapid cycling. Other risk factors for treatment‐resistant bipolar disorder, including a high prevalence of family history of affective disorder (72%) and electroencephalographic abnormalities (54% of recordings), were not confined to the rapid cycling group.