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Long‐term clinical outcome of schizophrenia with special reference to gender differences
Author(s) -
Opjordsmoen S.
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
acta psychiatrica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.849
H-Index - 146
eISSN - 1600-0447
pISSN - 0001-690X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb05545.x
Subject(s) - psychosocial , schizophrenia (object oriented programming) , stressor , schizophreniform disorder , psychiatry , marital status , psychology , term (time) , psychosis , medicine , pediatrics , population , physics , environmental health , quantum mechanics , schizoaffective disorder
A sample of 94 first‐admitted schizophrenics and 47 patients with schizophreniform disorder (DSM‐III) was personally re‐examined after a mean of 10 years (by Retterstöl), and 110 of the patients after a mean of 31 years (by the author). Nearly half of the patients were admitted in 1946‐1948 (long‐term) and the remaining in 1958‐1961 (short‐term). Average outcome was significantly more favourable for short‐term than for long‐term patients. Single marital status and no, minimal or mild psychosocial stressor at onset (Axis IV) predicted poor long‐term outcome. At 10‐year follow‐up there was no difference between men and women in clinical outcome. No substantial change was revealed in men at last follow‐up, whereas on average women had clearly deteriorated.