Exfoliation syndrome in Estonian patients scheduled for cataract surgery

. Purpose:  To examine the frequency of exfoliation syndrome (XFS) in Estonian patients scheduled for cataract surgery. Methods:  A series of 305 patients (mean age 71.5 ± 8.6 years) scheduled for cataract surgery were examined for the presence of exfoliation syndrome, predominant type of lens opacification and intraocular pressure (IOP). Results:  Exfoliation material was detected in 108 (35.4%) patients, of whom 51 (47.2%) were bilaterally and 57 (52.8%) were unilaterally affected. In the bilaterally phakic patients exfoliation material was detected in 92 (30.2%) patients, of whom 51 (55.4%) were bilaterally and 41 (44.6%) were unilaterally affected. Intraocular pressure was higher in eyes with exfoliation than in eyes without it (19.2 ± 6.5 mmHg and 17.1 ± 3.8 mmHg, respectively; p = 0.006). Nuclear sclerosis predominated in eyes with XFS compared to those without XFS (57.6% and 36.9%, respectively). Cortical (7.6%) and subcapsular (7.6%) cataracts were less common in eyes with XFS than in eyes without XFS (16.9% and 20.2%, respectively). Mature cataract was found in 41.3% of all mixed types of cataracts. Conclusion:  Exfoliation syndrome is common in Estonian patients. It was detected in 35.4% of the patients scheduled for cataract surgery.