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Embolization of indirect carotid‐cavernous sinus fistulas using the superior ophthalmic vein approach
Author(s) -
Baldauf J.,
Spuler A.,
Hoch HH,
Molsen HP,
Kiwit J. C.,
Synowitz M.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
acta neurologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.967
H-Index - 95
eISSN - 1600-0404
pISSN - 0001-6314
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2004.00314.x
Subject(s) - medicine , cavernous sinus , fistula , carotid cavernous fistula , embolization , superior ophthalmic vein , shunt (medical) , radiology , surgery , occlusion , vein , arteriovenous fistula , carotid cavernous sinus fistula
Objectives – In indirect carotid‐cavernous sinus fistulas (CCF), abnormal connections exist between tiny dural branches of the external and/or internal carotid system and the cavernous sinus. Usually this kind of fistula occurs spontaneously and is characterized by a low shunt volume. Alternative vascular approaches for embolization are required when standard interventional neuroradiological access via arterial or transfemoral venous routes is not feasible. Patients and methods – Two symptomatic patients with indirect CCFs are described. Transarterial and transfemoral venous approach was unsuccessful or resulted in incomplete occlusion of the CCF. Therefore, the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) was surgically exposed and retrograde catheterized to allow the delivery of platinum coils to the fistula point via a microcatheter. Results – Complete fistula obliteration was accompanied by recovery of the clinical symptoms. Conclusion – The surgical SOV approach might be sufficient when standard neuroradiological procedures do not succeed. The technique is safe and effective when performed by an interdisciplinary team.