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Cognitive decline in patients with symptomatic HIV‐1 infection. No decline in asymptomatic infection
Author(s) -
Poutiainen E.,
Elovaara I.,
Raininko R.,
Vilkki J.,
Lähdevirta J.,
Iivanainen M.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
acta neurologica scandinavica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.967
H-Index - 95
eISSN - 1600-0404
pISSN - 0001-6314
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1996.tb00021.x
Subject(s) - asymptomatic , cognitive decline , neuropsychology , medicine , atrophy , ambulatory , cognition , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , pediatrics , immunology , psychiatry , dementia , disease
Thirty‐six HIV‐1‐infected predominantly well‐functioning subjects were followed up for one year by repeated neuropsychological, clinical neurological, neuroradiological, and immunological examinations. Changes in cognitive performance related to the severity of HIV‐1 infection as well as to neuroradiological or immunological changes were studied. A decline in cognitive speed and flexibility was found in symptomatic subjects (ARC, AIDS). The impairment was especially pronounced in patients with progression of brain atrophy. These findings suggest a brain pathology underlying the cognitive decline in ambulatory outpatients with symptomatic HIV‐1 infection. A practice effect was found in asymptomatic subjects (ASX, LAS) and in those with unchanged CT/MRI scans. No systematic relationship was found between cognitive change and immunological change.