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Functional alterations of myeloid cell subsets in hyperlipidaemia: relevance for atherosclerosis
Author(s) -
Soehnlein Oliver,
Drechsler Maik,
Hristov Mihail,
Weber Christian
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.44
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1582-4934
pISSN - 1582-1838
DOI - 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00965.x
Subject(s) - myeloid , progenitor cell , immunology , inflammation , leukocyte extravasation , monocyte , biology , foam cell , cell type , medicine , macrophage , cell , microbiology and biotechnology , stem cell , in vitro , biochemistry , genetics
•  Introduction •  Development of atherosclerotic plaques •  Dyslipidaemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis •  Myeloid cells in atherosclerosis and effects of hyperlipidaemia –  Monocytes/Macrophages –  Neutrophils –  Mast cells –  Dendritic cells –  Endothelial progenitor cells•  ConclusionsAtherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease wherein the infiltration of myeloid cells of the vessel wall is a hallmark event. Lymphocytes, platelets and endothelial cells stand out as prominent suspects being involved in atherosclerosis. However, recent advances suggest a crucial role for myeloid leucocytes, specifically monocyte subsets, neutrophils, dendritic cells and endothelial progenitor cells. These cell types are not just rapidly recruited or already reside in the vascular wall, but also initiate and perpetuate core mechanisms in plaque formation and destabilization. Hyperlipidaemia is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. Herein, hyperlipidaemia skews myeloid cell haemostasis, phenotype and transcriptional regulation of pro‐inflammatory factors ultimately promoting myeloid cell extravasation and atherosclerosis. We here review the role of myeloid cells in atherosclerosis as well as the effects of hyperlipidaemia on these cells.

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