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Distinguishing Context Effects From Context Errors in Judgments of Behavior 1
Author(s) -
Maurer Todd J.,
Palmer Jerry K.,
Lisnov Shari S.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
journal of applied social psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.822
H-Index - 111
eISSN - 1559-1816
pISSN - 0021-9029
DOI - 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1995.tb02637.x
Subject(s) - psychology , contrast (vision) , context (archaeology) , context effect , social psychology , cognitive psychology , mathematics , artificial intelligence , computer science , paleontology , geometry , word (group theory) , biology
Context effects (assimilation and contrast) are examined in relation to accuracy in judgments of stimuli. Context effects are distinguished from context errors. This is shown to depend on one's definition of true scores, rater tendencies (leniency‐severity) relative to true scores, and the direction and magnitude of observed context effects. The framework is illustrated empirically in a study of contrast effects involving performance judgments. Implications for reliability, validity, and agreement of behavior judgments in practice are explored.