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SOUTHERN HOSPITALITY: A LATITUDINAL GRADIENT IN GENE FLOW IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
Author(s) -
Kelly Ryan P.,
Eernisse Douglas J.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.84
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1558-5646
pISSN - 0014-3820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00055.x
Subject(s) - biology , gene flow , phylogeography , marine larval ecology , ecology , cline (biology) , latitude , population , reproductive isolation , population genetics , marine invertebrates , species complex , polyplacophora , mollusca , mitochondrial dna , evolutionary biology , genetic variation , phylogenetics , phylogenetic tree , gene , geography , larva , genetics , demography , geodesy , sociology
In recent years population genetics and phylogeographic studies have become increasingly valuable tools for inferring both historical and present‐day genetic patterns within marine species. Here, we take a comparative approach to population‐level study, analyzing original mitochondrial DNA data from 969 individuals representing 28 chiton (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) species to uncover large‐scale genetic patterns along the Pacific coast of North America. The data reveal a distinct latitudinal connectivity gradient among chitons: species that exist at lower latitudes tend to have more isolated populations. This trend appears to be a product of between‐species differences; within species, no significant gradient in connectivity is observed. Lower average annual sea surface temperatures are hypothesized to contribute to longer larval duration (and by extension, greater connectivity) among lecithotrophic species, providing a mechanism for the observed positive correlation between gene flow and latitude. Because increased isolation among populations may lead to speciation, a latitudinal trend in gene flow may contribute to the increased species diversity observed at lower latitudes.