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GENOTYPIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS OF VARIATION IN GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION OF FISH HEMICLONES ( POECILIOPSIS : POECILIIDAE)
Author(s) -
Wetherington Jeffrey D.,
Weeks Stephen C.,
Kotora Karen E.,
Vrijenhoek Robert C.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.84
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1558-5646
pISSN - 0014-3820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb04258.x
Subject(s) - poeciliidae , biology , fecundity , genetic variation , evolutionary biology , natural selection , sexual reproduction , life history theory , population , zoology , ecology , fish <actinopterygii> , life history , genetics , gene , fishery , demography , sociology
The frozen‐niche‐variation model was proposed to account for the coexistence of genetically related clones in naturally occurring unisexual populations. This model is based on two assumptions: 1) ecologically different clones have multiple independent origins from sexual ancestors; and 2) the population of sexual ancestors contains genetic variability for ecologically relevant traits. To test these assumptions, we produced 14 new “hemiclones” (nonrecombining haploid genotypes) of fish ( Poeciliopsis : Poeciliidae). Our ability to synthesize many new hemiclones demonstrates the feasibility of multiple independent origins of nonrecombining genotypes. A substantial proportion (10–50%) of the phenotypic variation among hemiclones in size at birth, juvenile growth rate, and fecundity had a genetic basis. Thus, we conclude that multiple origins can give rise to an assemblage of genetically distinct hemiclones, each with a unique combination of life‐history traits. Additionally, a comparative analysis of two natural hemiclones revealed that the synthetic strains represent a broad field of variation from which natural hemiclones can be selected.