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MIXED MATING SYSTEMS IN HAWAIIAN BIDENS (ASTERACEAE)
Author(s) -
Sun M.,
Ganders F. R.
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
evolution
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.84
H-Index - 199
eISSN - 1558-5646
pISSN - 0014-3820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1988.tb04157.x
Subject(s) - gynodioecy , outcrossing , biology , selfing , inbreeding , mating system , inbreeding depression , mating , zoology , ecology , population , evolutionary biology , dioecy , pollen , demography , sociology
Floral features related to the breeding system were studied for 11 species of Hawaiian Bidens . Protandry and male sterility promote outcrossing, while self‐compatibility and geitonogamy contribute to inbreeding. The combination of these floral mechanisms results in a mixed mating system in all species studied. Outcrossing rates of 15 populations of these species ranged from 0.43 to 0.88, averaging 0.65. Apparent selling rates of females ranged from 0 to 0.25 in seven gynodioecious populations surveyed, suggesting that there is variation in the level of biparental inbreeding among populations. The presence of females increased the level of outcrossing by an average of 9% in gynodioecious populations. This study indicates that the efficiency of gynodioecy as an outcrossing mechanism largely depends on the current outcrossing rate of hermaphrodites, the frequency of females, and the extent of genetic substructuring in populations. On average, autogamy contributed 4%, geitonogamy contributed 24%, and consanguineous mating contributed 15% to the realized selfing rate (43%) in the hermaphrodites of these species.