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End‐tidal Carbon Dioxide Monitoring in Emergency Medicine, Part 1: Basic Principles *
Author(s) -
Ward Kevin R.,
Yealy Donald M.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
academic emergency medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.221
H-Index - 124
eISSN - 1553-2712
pISSN - 1069-6563
DOI - 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1998.tb02473.x
Subject(s) - medicine , carbon dioxide , emergency medicine , medical emergency , intensive care medicine , biology , ecology
. End‐tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO 2 ) monitoring is becoming more common in both the ED and the out‐of‐hospital setting. Its main use has been as an aid when confirming endotracheal intubation. However, since CO 2 is intrinsically coupled with states of metabolism, circulation, and ventilation, PetCO 2 monitoring along with analysis of its capnographic component is becoming increasingly valuable for other uses in the ED. This article reviews the physiology of CO 2 , the means by which end‐tidal CO 2 may be monitored, and the components and analysis of the capnogram.