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Low‐Temperature Sintering and Piezoelectric Properties of 0.65Pb(Zr 1− x Ti x )O 3 –0.35Pb(Ni 0.33 Nb 0.67 )O 3 Ceramics
Author(s) -
Nam Chanhee,
Park HwiYeol,
Seo InTae,
Choi JaeHong,
Joung MiRi,
Nahm Sahn,
Lee HwackJoo,
Kim YoungHeon,
Sung Tae Hyun
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04538.x
Subject(s) - sintering , materials science , ceramic , phase boundary , curie temperature , analytical chemistry (journal) , phase (matter) , solid solution , mineralogy , metallurgy , chemistry , condensed matter physics , chromatography , ferromagnetism , physics , organic chemistry
0.65Pb(Zr 1− x Ti x )O 3 –0.35Pb(Ni 0.33 Nb 0.67 )O 3 (0.65PZT x –0.35PNN) ceramics exhibited a morphotropic phase boundary at approximately x =0.58–0.59. The 0.65PZT58–0.35PNN ceramics sintered at 1200°C exhibited the high piezoelectric properties of d 33 =605pC/N, k p =0.61, and ɛ 3 T /ɛ 0 =3600. The sintering temperature of the PZT58–PNN ceramics decreased from 1200 to 850°C with the addition of a small amount of CuO. The CuO reacted with the PbO and formed a liquid phase during sintering, which assisted in the densification of the specimens. Most of the Cu 2+ ions existed in the CuO second phase, thereby preventing any possible hardening effect due to the Cu 2+ ions. The Curie temperature of the 0.65PZT58–0.35PNN ceramic was approximately 200°C and was not altered by the addition of CuO. The d 33 , k p , and ɛ 3 T /ɛ 0 values of the 0.65PZT58–0.35PNN ceramics were considerably increased with the addition of CuO and similar results were also observed for the 0.65PZT59–0.35PNN ceramics. In particular, 1.0 mol% CuO‐added 0.65PZT58–0.35PNN ceramics sintered at 900°C exhibited the high piezoelectric properties of d 33 =620 pC/N, k p =0.64, and ɛ 3 T /ɛ 0 =3750. Moreover, the reaction between the Ag electrode and the Cu‐added 0.65PZT58–0.35PNN ceramic sintered at 900°C was negligible.