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Multiferroic Behavior in Composites of Nickel‐Exchanged Glass Containing Nanoparticles of Barium Titanate
Author(s) -
Naidu R. Venkata Ram,
Hajra Partha,
Datta Anindya,
Bhattacharya Santanu,
Chakravorty Dipankar
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04490.x
Subject(s) - materials science , nanocrystalline material , ferroelectricity , dielectric , nanocomposite , ferromagnetism , barium titanate , multiferroics , magnetization , coercivity , composite material , magnetostriction , remanence , spin glass , composite number , ferromagnetic material properties , nanoparticle , condensed matter physics , nanotechnology , magnetic field , physics , optoelectronics , quantum mechanics
A multiferroic material has been synthesized by first growing BaTiO 3 nanocrystals in a silica glass and then subjecting the composite to a two‐stage ion‐exchange reaction of the type Ti 4+ ↔2Ni 2+ . The nanocomposite retained the usual ferroelectric characteristics with lower values of the dielectric constant and remanent polarization. It also showed ferromagnetic hysteresis at temperatures in the range 10–300 K. At temperatures below ∼10 K, the magnetization exhibited a sharp increase as the temperature was reduced. This has been explained on the basis of a one‐dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnet consisting of Ni 2+ ions at the surfaces of the nanocrystals. The nanocomposite showed magnetodielectric coupling at room temperature. The dielectric constant increased as a function of magnetic field, showing a maximum at 4 kOe. This has been ascribed to magnetostriction of the new BaTiO 3 nanocrystalline phase.