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Crystallization of Pb((Zn,Mg) 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 –PbTiO 3 Thin Films Via Immobilization of Pb 2+ Ions During Sol–Gel Process
Author(s) -
Du Zehui,
Zhu Minmin,
Zhang Tianshu,
Ma Jan
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2010.03988.x
Subject(s) - crystallization , crystallinity , materials science , amorphous solid , annealing (glass) , thin film , alkoxide , perovskite (structure) , crown ether , ferroelectricity , ion , inorganic chemistry , analytical chemistry (journal) , crystallography , chemical engineering , dielectric , chemistry , nanotechnology , metallurgy , organic chemistry , catalysis , optoelectronics , engineering , composite material
In this work, a modified sol–gel process using a crown ether, 18‐crown‐6 (18C6) as complexing agent to synthesize 0.77(0.6Pb(Zn 1/3 ,Nb 2/3 )O 3 –0.4Pb(Mg 1/3 ,Nb 2/3 )O 3 ))–0.23PbTiO 3 (PZMN–PT) thin films is reported. With the addition of 18C6, perovskite phase directly crystallized from the amorphous films at a temperature as low as 460°C and the crystallinity was significantly enhanced. The promotion of 18C6 on perovskite formation can be attributed to the immobilization of Pb 2+ ions, which facilitates the columbite‐like crystallization route. The pure‐perovskite films obtained by annealing at 460°C exhibit the optical and electrical properties comparable to literature data. Our studies therefore indicate a general approach by using crown ethers as complexing agent to synthesize the thermodynamically unstable ferroelectric materials, such as PMN‐ and PZN‐based systems.