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Temperature‐Dependent Electrical Properties of 0.94Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 –0.06BaTiO 3 Ceramics
Author(s) -
Zhang ShanTao,
Kounga Alain B.,
Aulbach Emil,
Deng Yu
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02778.x
Subject(s) - phase boundary , ferroelectricity , materials science , piezoelectricity , condensed matter physics , tetragonal crystal system , antiferroelectricity , electric field , phase transition , analytical chemistry (journal) , dielectric , mineralogy , phase (matter) , composite material , crystallography , crystal structure , chemistry , physics , optoelectronics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , chromatography
Temperature‐dependent electrical properties of lead‐free 0.94Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 –0.06BaTiO 3 (BNT–BT) ceramics were investigated. Below 100°C, this rhombohedral–tetragonal morphotropic phase‐boundary composition shows dominant ferroelectric order with typical ferroelectric polarization–electric field ( P ( E )) loop and butterfly bipolar strain–electric ( S ( E )) curve. Antiferroelectric order tends to prevail when temperature reaches about 100°C, characterized by a pinched P ( E ) loop and altered bipolar S ( E ) butterfly. Near the ferroelectric–antiferroelectric transition temperature, the composition shows a giant bipolar and unipolar strain of 0.40% and 0.42%, respectively. The highest value of maximum strain divided by the applied field (i.e., S max / E max ) reaches 700 pm/V at 100°C. With a further increase of temperature to 200°C, a slight decrease of the strain is observed. Especially, it is found that the hysteresis of the unipolar S ( E ) curve decreases with increasing temperature. These results may be helpful for further understanding and thus designing new BNT‐based lead‐free piezoelectric systems.