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ζ Potential of Nanoparticle Suspensions: Effect of Electrolyte Concentration, Particle Size, and Volume Fraction
Author(s) -
Jailani Saifuddin,
Franks George V.,
Healy Thomas W.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02277.x
Subject(s) - electrolyte , volume fraction , particle size , nanoparticle , dissolution , chemical engineering , volume (thermodynamics) , dissociation (chemistry) , materials science , surface area to volume ratio , viscosity , particle (ecology) , chemistry , nanotechnology , thermodynamics , composite material , organic chemistry , physics , electrode , engineering , oceanography , geology
The ζ potentials of three types of alumina particles with median volume diameters 11, 44, and 190 nm have been investigated as a function of particle size, volume fraction, and electrolyte concentration. The magnitude of the ζ potential was found to decrease as both the particle size decreased and as the volume fraction of solids increased. The reduction in ζ potential can be explained by the increase in electrolyte concentration resulting from dissociation of ionizable surface sites on the alumina and soluble species resulting from dissolution of alumina. Both decreasing size and increasing volume fraction increase the total surface area of solid and result in increased solution electrolyte concentration. The results suggest that the electrical double‐layer approach will not be successful in producing low‐viscosity, high‐volume fraction‐stable suspensions of nanoparticles suitable for producing advanced ceramic components with nanoscale features. Development of dispersants for high‐volume‐fraction nanoparticle suspensions based on steric repulsion is advised.