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Preparation of 200 nm BaTiO 3 Particles with their Tetragonality 1.010 Via a Solid‐State Reaction Preceded by Agglomeration‐Free Mechanical Activation
Author(s) -
Yanagawa Rui,
Senna Mamoru,
Ando Chie,
Chazono Hirokazu,
Kishi Hiroshi
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01498.x
Subject(s) - nucleation , economies of agglomeration , materials science , homogeneity (statistics) , barium titanate , particle size , agglomerate , chemical engineering , x ray photoelectron spectroscopy , crystallography , mineralogy , chemical physics , analytical chemistry (journal) , chemistry , ceramic , metallurgy , composite material , statistics , mathematics , organic chemistry , engineering , chromatography
Well‐dispersed barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ; BT) with an average primary particle size <200 nm and lattice tetragonality 1.010, being very close to that of a BT single crystal, was obtained via a solid‐state route with the aid of preliminary dry mechanical processing. The latter treatment not only activates the starting mixture but also decreases the particle sizes of individual ingredients and increases the homogeneity. All these favor to suppress grain growth of the product BT due to increasing nucleation site density, easing the nucleation at the given nucleation site, and decreasing the diffusion paths. These were confirmed by (i) microscopy and particle size analysis to observe downsizing of individual particulates without causing agglomeration; (ii) electron probe microanalysis to reveal increase in the homogeneity in a few micrometer regime; and (iii) X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy to reveal mechanochemical effects across the solid–solid boundary of dissimilar particles.