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Synthesis and Characterization of Thin Ferroelectric PbZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 Fibrils
Author(s) -
Ram S.,
Mandal T. K.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00638.x
Subject(s) - materials science , crystallite , crystallography , orthorhombic crystal system , amorphous solid , nucleation , electron diffraction , tetragonal crystal system , transmission electron microscopy , crystal structure , ferroelectricity , x ray crystallography , diffraction , optics , chemistry , nanotechnology , dielectric , physics , organic chemistry , optoelectronics
Thin fibrils (usually 20–100 nm in diameter) of ferroelectric PbZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 have a preferred nucleation and growth in the [001] direction in small particles. X‐ray diffraction with the X‐ray beam facing the fibril surfaces, which lie along the [001] direction, thus involves reflections of manifested intensity from (100) and (010) planes. No reflection occurs from the perpendicular planes to the [001] fibrils. A transmission electron micrograph with the corresponding electron diffraction from fibrils confers the results of the preferred growth. The fibrils have a modified orthorhombic crystal structure of lattice parameters a =0.4038 nm, b =0.4017 nm, and c =04148 nm, with an enhanced 8.033 g/cm 3 density over 8.006 g/cm 3 in the usual tetragonal structure of a =0.4036 nm and c =04146 nm. Surface anisotropy in a fibril that imposes (and drives) a shear stress over growing crystallites (within the fibril) along the [001] surface favors this specific crystal structure in them according to the precursor structure. A single‐phase sample is obtained in 2 h by heating of an amorphous template of precursor (of the metal cations with a polymer of polyvinyl alcohol and sucrose) at 500°–800°C in air.