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Effect of MnO 2 Addition on the Structure and Electrical Properties of Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 ) 0.20 (Zr 0.50 Ti 0.50 ) 0.80 O 3 Ceramics
Author(s) -
Hou Yudong,
Zhu Mankang,
Gao Feng,
Wang Hao,
Wang Bo,
Yan Hui,
Tian Changsheng
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00847.x
Subject(s) - tetragonal crystal system , materials science , crystal structure , microstructure , manganese , ion , doping , grain size , dielectric , analytical chemistry (journal) , crystallography , mineralogy , metallurgy , chemistry , optoelectronics , organic chemistry , chromatography
Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 ) 0.20 (Zr 0.50 Ti 0.50 ) 0.80 O 3 ceramics of pure perovskite structure were prepared by the two‐stage method with the addition of 0–3.0 wt% MnO 2 and their piezoelectric properties were investigated systematically. The MnO 2 addition influences in a pronounced way both the crystal structure and the microstructure of the materials. The materials are transformed from the tetragonal to the rhombohedral structure, and the grain size is enhanced when manganese cations are added. The distortion of crystal structure for samples with MnO 2 addition can be explained by the Jahn–Teller effect. The values of electromechanical coupling factor ( k p ) and dielectric loss (tan δ) are optimized for 0.5‐wt%‐MnO 2 ‐doped samples ( k p = 0.60, tan δ= 0.2%) and the mechanical quality factor ( Q m ) is maximized for 1.0‐wt%‐MnO 2 ‐doped samples ( Q m = 1041), which suggests that oxygen vacancies formed by substituting Mn 3+ and Mn 2+ ions for B‐site ions (e.g., Ti 4+ and Zr 4+ ions) in the perovskite structure partially inhibited polarization reversal in the ferroelectrics. The ceramics with 0.50–1.0 wt% MnO 2 addition show great promise as practical materials for piezoelectric applications.