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Dependence of Grain Growth and Grain‐Boundary Structure on the Ba/Ti Ratio in BaTiO 3
Author(s) -
Cho Young Kyu,
Kang SukJoong L.,
Yoon Duk Yong
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of the american ceramic society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.9
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1551-2916
pISSN - 0002-7820
DOI - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00119.x
Subject(s) - grain boundary , titanium , materials science , grain growth , abnormal grain growth , grain boundary strengthening , crystallography , metallurgy , grain size , microstructure , chemistry
The grain‐growth behavior and grain‐boundary structure in titanium‐excess BaTiO 3 depend on the amount of excess titanium at 1250° and 1300°3C. With excess titanium, abnormal grain growth (AGG) occurs and the grain boundaries are mostly flat or faceted with hill‐and‐valley shapes. With 0.5 at.% excess titanium, the large grains have flat {111} faces forming singular grain boundaries parallel to {111} double twins. With excess‐titanium content between 0.1 and 0.3 at.%, the abnormal grains appear to have polyhedral shapes with {100} faces. These flat or faceted grain boundaries are expected to have singular structures, and hence AGG can occur by the step growth mechanism. When the excess‐titanium content is decreased to 0, the grain boundaries become curved, indicating a rough atomic structure, and normal grain growth occurs.