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What's New in Cardiac Cell Therapy? Allogeneic Bone Marrow Stromal Cells as “Universal Donor Cells”
Author(s) -
Kinkaid Heather Y. McDonald,
Huang XiPing,
Li RenKe,
Weisel Richard D.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of cardiac surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.428
H-Index - 58
eISSN - 1540-8191
pISSN - 0886-0440
DOI - 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2009.00984.x
Subject(s) - medicine , stromal cell , mesenchymal stem cell , immune system , stem cell , bone marrow , paracrine signalling , cell therapy , stem cell therapy , immunology , cancer research , pathology , microbiology and biotechnology , receptor , biology
Cardiac cell therapies offer distinct and exciting advantages over current treatments to prevent postinfarction heart failure because they can reverse ventricular remodeling and improve function, but only if the implanted stem cells contribute biological functions and achieve prolonged engraftment within the hostile environment of the damaged heart. Unfortunately, function is diminished in autologous stem cells isolated from older patients and those with comorbidities, and so clinical trials testing the implantation of healthy, allogeneic bone marrow–derived stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from young donors are currently underway. MSCs are unique because, in addition to exerting paracrine effects that restore blood flow and recruit endogenous stem cells to the infarct, they exhibit immune‐modulating properties in culture that—if retained after allogeneic implantation—imply the cells may escape immune recognition within the heart. At present, the scope of MSC immune modulation after implantation is unclear. (J Card Surg 2010;25:359‐366)