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Composite Electrode Tips Containing Externally Placed Drug Releasing Collars
Author(s) -
BREWER GREGORY,
MATHIVANAR RANJINI,
SKALSKY MICHAEL,
ANDERSON NEIL
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
pacing and clinical electrophysiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.686
H-Index - 101
eISSN - 1540-8159
pISSN - 0147-8389
DOI - 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1988.tb06307.x
Subject(s) - electrode , medicine , collar , dexamethasone sodium phosphate , composite number , biomedical engineering , composite material , dexamethasone , materials science , chemistry , mechanical engineering , engineering
We have developed a composite electode tip based on a new concept whereby the electrode is combined with a polymeric collar containing dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP). The collar is positioned immediately adjacent to the electrode. Initial evaluation of this concept employed the Telectronics Laserpor electrode and a collar containing approximately 1.8 mg of DSP (LPD). Conventional Telectronics Laserpor (LP) electrodes were used as controls. Further evaluation was performed using a DSP (< 0.5mg) eluting collar and a new 4 mm 2 mushroom shaped electrode with a high microsurface Pt/Ir coating (MD). Data for conventional Telectronics Laserdish (LD) electrodes were used for comparison. Unipolar ventricular leads were implanted transvenously in the right ventricular apex of sheep. Voltage thresholds, pacing (5V, 0.5ms) and sensing (50/100 mVRMS, 50 Hz) impedances were measured during the subchronic phase (< 6 weeks) and in the case of LD and MD for 6 months. The steroid eluting electrodes were elective in eliminating (2 weeks vs. Impl., N.S.) the 2 week threshold peaking seen with the control leads (2 weeks vs. Impl., P < 0.005). The small area MD electrode thresholds remained stable and low for up to 6 months (0.38 ± 0.09 (10) c.f. 0.46 ± 0.11(6); 14 and 180 days, respectively, N.S.). The composite electrode tips with steroid releasing collars thus show great potential for a substantial reduction in stimulation energy.