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Demographic, Employment, Expenditure, and Income‐Related Dependency Ratios: Population Aging in the Fifty States
Author(s) -
BRUCKER ERIC
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
public budgeting and finance
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.694
H-Index - 30
eISSN - 1540-5850
pISSN - 0275-1100
DOI - 10.1111/j.1540-5850.2006.00855.x
Subject(s) - dependency ratio , social security , dependency (uml) , medicaid , demographic economics , per capita , population , economics , per capita income , labour economics , demography , economic growth , sociology , health care , systems engineering , engineering , market economy
Old‐age dependency ratios (OADR) are frequently used to measure the economic impact of U.S. population aging. However, at the state level youth‐dependence, and the “birth dearth,” are important. While federal expenditures on elder Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid are large, state expenditures on dependent youth are much higher than on elders. The states are ranked by the OADR and three other dependency ratios that consider youth and a state's employment, fiscal outlay, and per‐capita income. Very different rankings are found. States with higher OADR ratios had lower total dependency expenditures. Projections for 2030 are compared with 2000 results.