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VII. PHYSICAL GROWTH AND MATURATION FOLLOWING EARLY SEVERE INSTITUTIONAL DEPRIVATION: DO THEY MEDIATE SPECIFIC PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS?
Author(s) -
SonugaBarke Edmund J.,
Schlotz Wolff,
Rutter Michael
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
monographs of the society for research in child development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.618
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1540-5834
pISSN - 0037-976X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1540-5834.2010.00554.x
Subject(s) - rutter , psychopathology , psychology , psychoanalysis , citation , developmental psychopathology , developmental psychology , library science , psychiatry , computer science
Our previous work (Rutter et al., 2007) and the data reported in the preceding chapters of this monograph (chapter 4; Kreppner et al.) provide conclusive evidence of the persistent nature of the negative impact of early severe deprivation. Institutional deprivation, despite the good outcomes for many, was often associated with substantial impairment and disorder across a wide range of psychopathological domains at all follow-up ages. We have argued previously that this degree of persistence despite adoption into well functioning and nurturing families (chapter 8; Castle, Beckett, Rutter & Sonuga-Barke). Also, the considerable degree of continuity of problems seen at the level of individual cases (Kreppner et al., 2007), provides strong prima facie evidence that the effects of deprivation are associated with early established and fundamental neurobiological alterations (Mehta et al., 2009), although it remains to be seen what specific brain mechanisms are involved and whether different neurobiological components have specific effects on outcomes. There are a number of general mechanisms through which deprivation-related early adversity might operate to produce such long lasting effects (Rutter & O'Connor, 2004). Children who spent their early years in the Romanian institutions were exposed to multiple putative risks of diverse kinds (chapter 1; Rutter, Sonuga-Barke & Castle). The very poor quality and quantity of food provided, reflected in the substantial levels of subnutrition found amongst adoptees at the time of entry into the