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Reactions to the O. J. Simpson Verdict: “Mindless Tribalism” or Motivated Inference Processes?
Author(s) -
Newman Leonard S.,
Duff Kimberley,
SchnoppWyatt Nicole,
Brock Bradley,
Hoffman Yonit
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
journal of social issues
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.618
H-Index - 122
eISSN - 1540-4560
pISSN - 0022-4537
DOI - 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1997.tb02128.x
Subject(s) - verdict , tribalism , salience (neuroscience) , psychology , innocence , social psychology , cognition , white (mutation) , inference , context (archaeology) , identity (music) , race (biology) , gender studies , cognitive psychology , sociology , politics , epistemology , psychoanalysis , law , paleontology , biochemistry , chemistry , philosophy , neuroscience , biology , political science , gene , physics , acoustics
The difference in opinion between White Americans and Black Americans as to whether O. J. Simpson is guilty of murder can be understood within the context of the literature on motivated inference. Both self‐serving and group‐serving motives can lead to bias in how people gather, interpret, and integrate evidence. The current study revealed that the relative salience of race and gender in women's self‐concepts (measured by the Twenty Statements Test) was associated with different beliefs about Simpson's innocence or guilt. Although Black women were more likely than White women to believe that Simpson was not guilty, this was more true for Black women who spontaneously self‐identified in terms of race. Similarly, when gender was an accessible aspect of identity, women were more likely to believe that Simpson was guilty. High need for cognition (i.e., the tendency to engage in effortful cognitive activity) actually magnified some of these differences.