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Multistage Modeling of Lung Cancer Mortality Among Arsenic‐Exposed Copper‐Smelter Workers
Author(s) -
Mazumdar Sati,
Redmond Carol K.,
Enterline Philip E.,
Marsh Gary M.,
Costantino Joseph P.,
Zhou Susan Y. J.,
Patwardhan Rita N.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
risk analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.972
H-Index - 130
eISSN - 1539-6924
pISSN - 0272-4332
DOI - 10.1111/j.1539-6924.1989.tb01266.x
Subject(s) - arsenic , lung cancer , environmental health , smelting , environmental science , toxicology , medicine , metallurgy , oncology , biology , materials science
Multistage modeling incorporating a time‐dependent exposure pattern is applied to lung cancer mortality data obtained from a cohort of 2802 arsenic‐exposed copper‐smelter workers who worked 1 or more years during the period 1940–1964 at a copper smelter at Tacoma, Washington. The workers were followed for death through 1976. There were 100 deaths due to lung cancer during the follow‐up period. Exposures to air arsenic levels measured in μ/m 3 were estimated from departmental air arsenic and workers urinary arsenic measurements. Relationships of different temporal variables with excess death rates are examined to judge qualitatively the implications of the multistage cancer process. Analysis to date indicates a late stage effect of arsenic although an additional early stage effect cannot be ruled out.