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Infusion of allogeneic natural killer cells in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia in relapse after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Author(s) -
Nguyen Stéphanie,
Béziat Vivien,
Norol Françoise,
Uzunov Madalina,
TrebedenNegre Hélène,
Azar Nabih,
Boudifa Ali,
Bories Dominique,
Debré Patrice,
Vernant JeanPaul,
Vieillard Vincent,
Dhédin Nathalie
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2010.03058.x
Subject(s) - myeloid leukemia , hematopoietic stem cell transplantation , immunology , medicine , transplantation , stem cell , natural killer cell , k562 cells , haematopoiesis , immunotherapy , leukemia , interleukin 12 , cancer research , lymphokine activated killer cell , interleukin 21 , biology , t cell , immune system , cytotoxicity , cytotoxic t cell , in vitro , biochemistry , genetics
BACKGROUND: Allogeneic donor natural killer (NK)‐cell infusion (NK‐DLI) is a promising immunotherapy for patients with hematologic disorders. CASE REPORT: This report describes the case of a patient who received a single haploidentical NK‐DLI for a relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. He underwent a cytoreductive, immunosuppressive regimen before NK‐DLI and received high‐dose interleukin‐2 in vivo for 8 weeks afterward. RESULTS: No major adverse effect was observed. Prospective phenotypic and functional studies of the NK cells showed major expansion of infused NK cells and, more importantly, of the alloreactive KIR2DL1+KIR2DL2/DL3–NKG2A– subset, which reached 117 × 10 6 cells/L on Day +14 after NK‐DLI, the greatest expansion of infused alloreactive NK cells reported so far. Infused NK cells conserved their lytic capacities against K562 target cells and primary AML‐mismatched blasts. CONCLUSION: We review the literature to clarify these data and to detail the indications for allogeneic NK‐DLI, the criteria for determining the most suitable donor, the types of conditioning regimens, and the procedures for selecting and activating NK cells.