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Direct assessment of cytomegalovirus transfusion‐transmitted risks after universal leukoreduction
Author(s) -
Wu Yanyun,
Zou Shimian,
Cable Ritchard,
Dorsey Kerri,
Tang Yanlin,
Hapip Cheryl Anne,
Melmed Russell,
TrouernTrend Jonathan,
Wang JianHui,
Champion Melanie,
Fang Chyang,
Dodd Roger
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02486.x
Subject(s) - leukoreduction , human cytomegalovirus , cytomegalovirus , medicine , antibody , betaherpesvirinae , confidence interval , blood transfusion , immunology , herpesviridae , viral disease , virus
BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) transfusion‐transmitted disease (TTD) remains a clinical concern. Universal leukoreduction has become one of the main strategies for the prevention of CMV‐TTD. Through prospective clinical follow‐up and testing of transfusion recipients (TRs), the risk for CMV‐TTD was studied. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Transfused units were all leukoreduced and not prospectively screened for CMV. For TRs with negative baseline CMV testing results (CMV total antibody and DNA), all follow‐up TR samples were tested for CMV total antibody and DNA, and retained linked donor serum samples were tested for CMV total antibody. In cases when CMV‐TTD was suspected, donor sera were also tested for CMV DNA and selected TR samples were tested for CMV immunoglobulin M antibody. Evaluable transfusion was defined as a transfusion with TR sample(s) collected 14 to 180 days posttransfusion. RESULTS: Forty‐six TRs were negative for CMV at baseline. There were 1316 evaluable cellular blood transfusions to these TRs. Of 1316 evaluable cellular products, 460 (35%) were positive for CMV total antibody tested using linked donor samples. Three cases of probable CMV‐TTD were found; however, there was no definitive proof from donor follow‐up that they were transfusion associated. CONCLUSION: Among all 46 baseline seronegative recipients and 1316 evaluable transfusions, the calculated overall CMV‐TTD risk was up to 6.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0%‐18.0%) in terms of TRs and up to 0.23% (95% CI, 0.06%‐0.62%) in terms of non–CMV‐screened leukoreduced cellular products. In summary, after universal leukoreduction, CMV‐TTD, while uncommon, may still occur.