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JAL (RH48) blood group antigen: serologic observations
Author(s) -
LomasFrancis Christine,
Alcantara Denden,
Westhoff Connie,
Uehlinger Joan,
Valvasori Marilia,
Castilho Lillian,
Reid Marion E.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.02025.x
Subject(s) - antigen , serology , proband , antibody , immunology , biology , hemagglutination , medicine , virology , genetics , gene , mutation
BACKGROUND: JAL (RH48) is a low‐prevalence antigen in the Rh blood group system and anti‐JAL has caused hemolytic disease of the newborn. JAL is associated with either a haplotype carrying depressed C and e antigens or one carrying depressed c and e antigens. Blood samples from JAL+ people were tested, published serologic findings were confirmed, serologic studies were extended to include expression of other Rh antigens, and the antibody specificities produced by three sensitized JAL+ probands are reported. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Red blood cell (RBC) samples from 17 (12 probands) JAL+ persons were tested by hemagglutination using standard methods. RESULTS: RBCs from both the Caucasian JAL+ probands had the (C)(e) haplotype and weakened C, e, hr B , and hr S antigens. JAL+ samples from black persons had the (c)(e) haplotype and expressed weakened c, e, f, V, VS, hr B , and hr S antigens. Plasma from three sensitized c+e+ JAL+ probands contained alloanti‐c, alloanti‐e, or alloantibody of apparent anti‐Rh17 specificity. This study shows that this alloanti‐Rh17−like antibody recognizes the high‐prevalence antigen antithetical to JAL that has been named CEST. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the JAL antigen has a quantitative (weakening) effect on the expression of C, e, hr B , and hr S antigens in Caucasian persons and of c, e, f, V, VS, hr B , and hr S antigens in people of black African ancestry. A qualitative effect also was demonstrated by the presence of alloanti‐c or alloanti‐e in the plasma of two transfused c+e+ patients and by an antibody (anti‐CEST) that recognizes the high‐prevalence antigen antithetical to JAL.