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Analysis of a high‐throughput HLA antibody screening assay for use with platelet donors
Author(s) -
Fadeyi Emmanuel,
Adams Sharon,
Peterson Brett,
Hackett Julia,
Byrne Phyllis,
Klein Harvey G.,
Marincola Francesco M.,
Leitman Susan F.,
Stroncek David F.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01684.x
Subject(s) - microbead (research) , antigen , human leukocyte antigen , antibody , panel reactive antibody , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , immunoassay , chemistry , biology , biochemistry
BACKGROUND: Passive infusion of HLA antibodies has been implicated in transfusion reactions. A rapid, inexpensive method of screening blood donors for HLA antibodies might reduce the incidence of reactions. A high‐throughput microbead‐flow analyzer HLA antibody detection technique was compared with an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Ninety‐six apheresis platelet (PLT) donors were tested for antibodies to Class I and II HLA antigens with mixed‐antigen microbead‐flow analyzer and ELISAs. For both assays, samples reactive in the mixed‐antigen assay were tested with a panel‐reactive antibody (PRA) assay. Samples reactive in both the mixed‐antigen and the PRA assays were considered positive. RESULTS: In the mixed‐antigen microbead assay, 46 (48%) samples were reactive to Class I antigens and 20 (21%) to Class II. Further testing in the microbead PRA assay revealed that 34 (35%) had antibodies to Class I antigens, 18 (19%) to Class II, and 42 (44%) to either Class I or Class II. Class I antibodies were present in 56 percent of females and 36 percent of males. In the mixed‐antigen ELISA, 4 samples were reactive with Class I antigens, 4 with Class II antigens, and 5 with Class I or Class II. All 5 reactive samples were also reactive in the ELISA PRA assay and were from females. CONCLUSION: The microbead assay was more sensitive than the ELISA and detected antibodies in a large proportion of donors. Samples reactive in the mixed‐antigen microbead assay should be confirmed by a second assay before concluding that antibodies are present.