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In vitro photochemical inactivation of cell‐associated human T‐cell leukemia virus Type I and II in human platelet concentrates and plasma by use of amotosalen
Author(s) -
Jauvin Valérie,
Alfonso Ryan D.,
Guillemain Bernard,
Dupuis Kent,
Fleury Hervé J.A.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2005.04400.x
Subject(s) - infectivity , plateletpheresis , virology , leukemia , platelet , chemistry , virus , phototoxicity , titer , in vitro , whole blood , microbiology and biotechnology , apheresis , biology , immunology , biochemistry
BACKGROUND: Human T‐cell leukemia virus Types I and II (HTLV‐I and HTLV‐II), blood‐borne retroviruses found worldwide, can cause leukemia, immunosuppression, and severe neurologic diseases. In most countries, HTLV‐I and ‐II screening is not performed systematically for blood donations. A new photochemical treatment (PCT) with a synthetic psoralen was developed to inactivate most pathogens in platelet (PLT) concentrates or plasma and to improve the safety of blood donations. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Cell‐associated HTLV‐I or ‐II (10 6 /mL) was inoculated in full‐size fresh PLT concentrates or fresh frozen plasma and treated with 150 µmol per L amotosalen (S‐59) and different doses of long‐wavelength ultraviolet A (UVA) light. The residual viral titer in the treated samples was assessed by a cocultivation assay on indicator cells. RESULTS: The inactivation obtained at a 3.0 J per cm 2 UVA dose was greater than 5.2 log foci‐forming units (FFUs) per mL for HTLV‐I and 4.6 log FFUs per mL for HTLV‐II in presence of human PLT concentrates and greater than 4.5 log FFUs per mL for HTLV‐I and 5.7 log FFUs per mL for HTLV‐II in the presence of human plasma. The residual infectivity was very low and shown as the limit of detection of the cocultivation assay. CONCLUSION: In human plasma or PLT concentrates, the retroviruses HTLV‐I and ‐II were strongly sensitive to the PCT with 150 µmol per L amotosalen (S‐59) and a 3.0 J per cm 2 UVA dose. This high efficiency for photoinactivation of these retroviruses opens a possibility of improving the safety of PLTs or plasma transfusion in the future.