Premium
Positively charged porphyrins: a new series of photosensitizers for sterilization of RBCs
Author(s) -
Trannoy Laurence L.,
Lagerberg Johan W.M.,
Dubbelman Tom M.A.R.,
Schuitmaker Hans J.,
Brand Anneke
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2004.03275.x
Subject(s) - hemolysis , photosensitizer , in vivo , sterilization (economics) , photodynamic therapy , in vitro , chemistry , glutathione , extracellular , andrology , pharmacology , immunology , biochemistry , enzyme , medicine , biology , photochemistry , foreign exchange , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry , economics , monetary economics , foreign exchange market
BACKGROUND: Photodynamic treatment could be a way to inactivate pathogens in RBCs. The objective of this study was to characterize the virucidal activity and RBC‐damaging activity of a series of cationic porphyrins. Using the most efficacious photosensitizer, various in‐vitro human RBC quality variables and in‐vivo RBC survival in Rhesus monkeys were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: RBCs, spiked with 5 log of extracellular VSV, were treated with porphyrins (25 µmol/L) and red light (100 W/m 2 ) and essayed for virucidal activity. In‐vitro RBC quality variables were assessed during 5 weeks of storage in various ASs. In‐vivo survival was investigated with autologous RBCs in Rhesus monkeys. RESULTS: Tri‐P(4) was by far the best sensitizer of a series tested, giving the least hemolysis under conditions that resulted in 5 log‐kill of extracellular VSV. Under our experimental conditions, the percentage hemolysis in treated cells was 5.1 ± 1.1 percent after 5 weeks of storage in SAG‐M compared to 1.9 ± 1.1 percent in the untreated control. Storage in AS‐3 resulted hemolysis of 2.3 ± 1.9 percent. With the exception of IgG binding and potassium leakage, RBC quality variables remained unchanged after photodynamic treatment. Addition of reduced glutathione (GSH) during treatment reduced IgG binding. The 24‐hour recovery and T 50 of treated RBCs in Rhesus monkeys were satisfactory. CONCLUSION: Porphyrin Tri‐P(4) may be a suitable photosensitizer for sterilization of RBCs. However, further exploration to optimize the method is necessary to reach clinically acceptable goals.