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The Mechanism of the Effect of Iso‐ and Hyperosmolar Dextrose‐Saline Solutions on in Vivo Survival of Human Erythrocytes *
Author(s) -
DeCesare William R.,
Bove Joseph R.,
Ebaugh Franklin G.
Publication year - 1964
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/j.1537-2995.1964.tb02866.x
Subject(s) - hemolysis , potassium , osmotic concentration , in vivo , incubation , sodium , osmole , saline , red cell , chemistry , isotopes of chromium , andrology , red blood cell , in vitro , zoology , medicine , biochemistry , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry
Red cells from mixtures of one part of whole ACD blood and 21 parts of 5 grains of dextrose and 0.225 grains of sodium chloride per 100 ml. (5% D/4S), or one part of ACD blood and two parts of 5 per cent D/4S show a marked decrease in the ten minute Cr 51 in vivo survival after one hour and three hours of prior in vitro incubation respectively. After three hours exposure in vitro to 1:21 mixtures of whole blood and 5 per cent D/4S, red cells swelled to 170–180 per cent of their original volume and in 1:3 mixtures, 160–170 per cent of their original volume. Hemolysis of 1.3 per cent occurs in vitro during this period with these mixtures. Twenty‐three per cent in the 1:3 and 33 per cent of the red cell potassium in the 1:21 mixture is lost after three hours. The combined effect of potassium loss and dilution with water causes the intracellular potassium concentration to drop to less than half of that of the ACD cells after three hours in the glucose solution. Re‐equilibration of hyperosmotic red cells (322–337 milliosmolar) exposed for three hours in vitro to 5 per cent D/4S with normal plasma (290 milliosmolar) causes hemolysis of 13.6 per cent for 1:3 and 32.1 per cent for the 1:21 mixtures. Red cells which have reached a volume of 160–180 per cent of their original size in vitro in 5 per cent D/4S cannot survive normally in vivo . The poor survival in this system is not due to high glucose concentrations per se since red cells exposed to 5 grams of dextrose per 100 ml. of normal saline survive normally.