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Minimal Anesthetic Concentration and Cardiopulmonary Dose Response of Isoflurane in Ducks
Author(s) -
LUDDERS J. W.,
MITCHELL G. S.,
RODE J.
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
veterinary surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.652
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1532-950X
pISSN - 0161-3499
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-950x.1990.tb01193.x
Subject(s) - isoflurane , anesthetic , medicine , hypercarbia , anesthesia , ventilation (architecture) , apnea , heart rate , arterial blood , blood pressure , hypothermia , mechanical engineering , engineering
The minimal anesthetic concentration (MAC) for isoflurane was determined during spontaneous ventilation in nine male Peking ducks (7 to 12 weeks of age; 3.0 ± 0.4 kg). While each bird was awake, arterial blood was collected for analysis of pH, PaCO 2 , and PaO 2 . After anesthesia was induced with isoflurane in oxygen, MAC was determined for isoflurane in each bird during spontaneous ventilation in a manner similar to MAC determinations in mammals. Pulmonary dose‐response data were collected at 1 MAC and 1.5 MAC. Anesthetic index (Al; an index of anesthetic‐induced apnea) was calculated from ducks that became apneic. The MAC for isoflurane was 1.30 ± 0.23% (mean ± SD). There was a dose‐dependent decrease in ventilation as evidenced by a statistically significant increase in PaCO 2 . Apnea or unacceptable hy‐percarbia (PaCO 2 > 110 mm Hg), or both, were common occurrences at end‐tidal isoflurane concentrations greater than 1.5 MAC. Anesthetic index calculated from four ducks was 1.65 ± 0.13 (mean ± SEM). There was no significant difference between the means of either heart rate or mean arterial blood pressure in birds at 1.0 and 1.5 MAC.