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Use of an Axisymmetric Finite Element Method to Compare Maxillary Bone Variables for a Loaded Implant
Author(s) -
Clelland Nancy L.,
Lee June K.,
Bimbenet Oliver C.,
Gilat Amos
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
journal of prosthodontics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.902
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1532-849X
pISSN - 1059-941X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-849x.1993.tb00405.x
Subject(s) - cortical bone , cancellous bone , materials science , isotropy , orthotropic material , transverse isotropy , finite element method , composite material , layer (electronics) , biomedical engineering , structural engineering , anatomy , medicine , optics , physics , engineering
Purpose This study determined the effect of various bone models on the stresses and strains generated under occlusal loading of a dental implant. Materials and Methods A two‐dimensional finite‐element model was created for stress analysis. The geometric and elastic properties of a 3.8 × 10‐mm Steri‐Oss implant embedded in a segment of premaxilla were modeled. Computed tomography scanning of a dried maxilla half was used to determine representative geometry and density of this region. Material properties for bone were varied to simulate the following: all‐cancellous bone, cancellous bone with a thin (1.5‐mm) crestal isotropic cortical layer, cancellous bone with a thick (3‐mm) crestal isotropic cortical layer, and cancellous bone with a thick (3‐mm) layer of transversely isotropic (orthotropic) cortical bone. Results Low stresses and high strains surrounded the fixture apex for the all‐cancellous bone model. When a layer of cortical bone was added, higher crestal stresses and lower apical strains were observed. The thicker layer of isotropic cortical bone produced stresses at least 50% less than the thinner layer. The assumption of transverse isotropy (orthotropy) increased stresses and strains by approximately 25% compared with isotropic bone. Conclusions Crestal cortical layer thickness and bone isotropy have a substantial impact on resultant stresses and strains. Clinical assessment of these parameters is recommended.