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Self‐Reported Dietary Intake of Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium and Risk of Dementia in the J apanese: The H isayama Study
Author(s) -
Ozawa Mio,
Ninomiya Toshiharu,
Ohara Tomoyuki,
Hirakawa Yoichiro,
Doi Yasufumi,
Hata Jun,
Uchida Kazuhiro,
Shirota Tomoko,
Kitazono Takanari,
Kiyohara Yutaka
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04061.x
Subject(s) - medicine , dementia , hazard ratio , quartile , calcium , potassium , cohort study , proportional hazards model , magnesium , confidence interval , cohort , prospective cohort study , population , disease , environmental health , chemistry , materials science , organic chemistry , metallurgy
Objectives To investigate whether higher intake of potassium, calcium, and magnesium reduces the risk of incident dementia. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting The H isayama S tudy, in J apan. Participants One thousand eighty‐one community‐dwelling Japanese individuals without dementia aged 60 and older. Measurements A 70‐item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess potassium, calcium, and magnesium intakes. Hazard ratios ( HR s) for the development of all‐cause dementia and its subtypes were estimated using C ox proportional hazards model. Results During a 17‐year follow‐up, 303 participants experienced all‐cause dementia; of these, 98 had vascular dementia ( V a D ), and 166 had A lzheimer's disease ( AD ). The multivariable‐adjusted HR s for the development of all‐cause dementia were 0.52 (95% confidence interval [ CI ] = 0.30–0.91), 0.64 (95% CI = 0.41–1.00), and 0.63 (95% CI = 0.40–1.01) for the highest quartiles of potassium, calcium, and magnesium intake, respectively, compared with the corresponding lowest quartiles. Similarly, the HR s for the development of V a D were 0.20 (95% CI = 0.07–0.56), 0.24 (95% CI = 0.11–0.53), and 0.26 (95% CI = 0.11–0.61) for the highest quartiles of potassium, calcium, and magnesium intake, respectively. There was no evidence of a linear association between these mineral intakes and the risk of AD . Conclusion Higher self‐reported dietary intakes of potassium, calcium, and magnesium reduce the risk of all‐cause dementia, especially V a D , in the general Japanese population.