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Association Between Visceral Obesity and Sarcopenia and Vitamin D Deficiency in Older Koreans: The Ansan Geriatric Study
Author(s) -
Seo Ji A,
Cho Hyunjoo,
Eun Chai R.,
Yoo Hye J.,
Kim Sin G.,
Choi Kyung M.,
Baik Sei H.,
Choi Dong S.,
Park Moon H.,
Han Changsu,
Kim Nan H.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.03887.x
Subject(s) - sarcopenia , medicine , waist , vitamin d and neurology , obesity , abdominal obesity , endocrinology , sarcopenic obesity , triglyceride , visceral fat , body mass index , population , lean body mass , gerontology , cholesterol , insulin resistance , body weight , environmental health
Objectives To investigate whether vitamin D levels are independently associated with visceral obesity, sarcopenia, or sarcopenic obesity. Design Cross‐sectional. Setting Population‐based sample of elderly adults living in Ansan, Korea. Participants Two hundred sixteen men and 268 women aged 65 and older. Measurements Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25( OH )D) levels, visceral fat area ( VFA ) according to abdominal computed tomography scanning, and body composition (body fat percentage, appendicular skeletal muscle mass ( ASM )) using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Visceral obesity was defined as VFA of 100 cm 2 or greater and sarcopenia as ASM /height 2 more than 1 standard deviation ( SD ) below the sex‐specific mean of a young reference group. Results The adjusted 25( OH )D level for men was negatively associated with systolic blood pressure, VFA , and body fat percentage but positively associated with ASM . In women, waist circumference, triglyceride levels, and VFA were negatively correlated with 25( OH )D levels. In the joint regression model, VFA and ASM were independently associated with 25( OH )D levels (β = −0.078, P = .01 and β = 0.087, P = .02, respectively) per 1 SD difference in VFA and ASM in men but not women. When participants were categorized according to four visceral obesity and sarcopenia categories, adjusted mean 25( OH )D level was lower in men with visceral obesity than in men without but was not affected by the presence or absence of sarcopenia. Conclusion Greater visceral fat and lower muscle mass were associated with lower 25( OH )D levels in elderly Korean men, suggesting that screening for vitamin D deficiency may be appropriate in older Koreans with visceral obesity or sarcopenia. Sarcopenic obesity as defined according to prespecified criteria did not have an additive association with 25( OH )D levels.