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Mortality Risk in Older Men Associated with Changes in Weight, Lean Mass, and Fat Mass
Author(s) -
Lee Christine G.,
Boyko Edward J.,
Nielson Carrie M.,
Stefanick Marcia L.,
Bauer Douglas C.,
Hoffman Andrew R.,
Dam ThuyTien L.,
Lapidus Jodi A.,
Cawthon Peggy Mannen,
Ensrud Kristine E.,
Orwoll Eric S.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03245.x
Subject(s) - medicine , lean body mass , fat mass , gerontology , body mass index , environmental health , demography , body weight , sociology
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate risk of all‐cause mortality associated with changes in body weight, total lean mass, and total fat mass in older men. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Six U.S. clinical centers. PARTICIPANTS: Four thousand three hundred thirty‐one ambulatory men aged 65 to 93 at baseline. MEASUREMENTS: Repeated measurements of body weight and total lean and fat mass were taken using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry 4.6 ± 0.4 years apart. Percentage changes in these measures were categorized as gain (+5%), loss (–5%), or stable (−5% to +5%). Deaths were verified centrally according to death certificate reviews, and proportional hazard models were used to estimate the risk of mortality. RESULTS: After accounting for baseline lifestyle factors and medical conditions, a higher risk of mortality was found for men with weight loss (hazard rat (HR)=1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.50–2.26), total lean mass loss (HR=1.78, 95% CI=1.45–2.19), and total fat mass loss (HR=1.72, 95% CI=1.34–2.20) than for men who were stable for each body composition measure. Men with total fat mass gain had a slightly greater mortality risk (HR=1.29, 95% CI=0.99–1.67) than those who remained stable. These associations did not differ according to baseline age, obesity, or self‐reported health status ( P for interactions >.10), although self‐reported weight loss intent altered mortality risks with total fat mass ( P for interaction=.04) and total lean mass ( P for interaction=.09) change. CONCLUSION: Older men who lost weight, total lean mass, or total fat mass had a higher risk of mortality than men who remained stable.