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Augmenting Immune Responses to Varicella Zoster Virus in Older Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Tai Chi
Author(s) -
Irwin Michael R.,
Olmstead Richard,
Oxman Michael N.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01109.x
Subject(s) - medicine , varicella zoster virus , varicella vaccine , randomized controlled trial , immunity , immunology , virus , immune system , immunization
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of a behavioral intervention, Tai Chi, on resting and vaccine‐stimulated levels of cell‐mediated immunity (CMI) to varicella zoster virus (VZV) and on health functioning in older adults. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial with allocation to two arms (Tai Chi and health education) for 25 weeks. After 16 weeks of intervention, subjects were vaccinated with VARIVAX, the live attenuated Oka/Merck VZV vaccine licensed to prevent varicella. SETTING: Two urban U.S. communities between 2001 and 2005. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 112 healthy older adults aged 59 to 86. MEASUREMENTS: The primary endpoint was a quantitative measure of VZV‐CMI. Secondary outcomes were scores on the Medical Outcomes Study 36‐item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36). RESULTS: The Tai Chi group showed higher levels of VZV‐CMI than the health education group ( P <.05), with a significant rate of increase ( P <.001) that was nearly twice that found in the health education group. Tai Chi alone induced an increase in VZV‐CMI that was comparable in magnitude with that induced by varicella vaccine, and the two were additive; Tai Chi, together with vaccine, produced a substantially higher level of VZV‐CMI than vaccine alone. The Tai Chi group also showed significant improvements in SF‐36 scores for physical functioning, bodily pain, vitality, and mental health ( P <.05). CONCLUSION: Tai Chi augments resting levels of VZV‐specific CMI and boosts VZV‐CMI of the varicella vaccine.